Prophet Moses aih Alaihissalam Receiving the Torah
The Children of Israel live in security and peace, and they need a law that they can use as a rule of life and the Shari’a that governs them, so Allah revealed to Moses to go out to a certain place to accept the Shari’a which Bani would later refer to. Israel, he appointed Aaron as his successor; advised him and reminded him of God and warned him not to be people who tried to do damage on earth.

He went to the mountain which he had received revelation the first time when he returned from Madyan to Egypt and typed it was revealed to him the book of the Torah. And when Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) witnessed that Allah had glorified him and given advantages, he asked Allah to be given the opportunity to see Him because he thought that Allah could be seen in the world, so Allah refused the request and explained that He would not be able to see God ‘Grace. Mentioned this incident in the letter Al A’raaf: 143, Allah Ta’ala said,

“And when Moses came to (munajat with us) at the time that We had determined and God had said (directly) to him, Moses said,” O my Lord, show (yourself) to me so that I can see You. “Allah said,” You cannot see Me, but look at the hill, so if he stays in his place (as before) you can see Me. “When his Lord appeared to the mountain, he made the mountain broken and Moses also knocked out. then after Moses regained consciousness, he said, “Glory to You, I repent to You and I am the first to believe.”

Then the Prophet Musa aih alaihissalam took lauh-lauh which contained the Torah, in the book there were advice and laws to govern the life of the Children of Israel.

The Children of Israel Worship the Calf Statue
After the death of Moses, it turned out that the Children of Israel were distorted by a man named Samiri, he collected their jewelry and gold and made a hollow statue in the form of a calf, where if the wind enters from one hole and exits the other hole, it will come out the sound that resembled the sound of a calf, then Samiri told them, that it was their god and god Moses, finally the Children of Israel believed and worshiped the statue leaving worshiping Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala. So the Prophet Aaron advised and reminded them, but they remained above that ignorance, unconscious and not paying attention to Aaron’s advice, they even denied him and almost killed him. They also told them that they would not leave worship to the statue until Moses returned.

When Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) returned, he found his people in such circumstances, he was angry with great anger in disappointment mixed with sadness, so he threw lauh-lauh (sheet) containing the Torah from his hand, then he went to Prophet Aaron, holding his head and beard while pulling and said, “O Harun! What hinders you when you see them gone astray – (so) you do not follow me? Then have you (intentionally) disobeyed my command? “(QS. Thaahaa: 92-93)

Aaron said, “O my mother’s son! Do not hold my beard and do not (nor) my head, “I am afraid that you will say (to me),” You have divided between the Children of Israel and you have not kept my message. “

He also told the Prophet Moses that his people almost killed him, so Moses left him and went to Samiri; the person who made the statue and asked about the reason, then Samiri told him the reason, then Moses burned the statue to the ground and dumped the pulp into the sea.

Then the Prophet Moses said to his people, “O my people! Surely you have persecuted yourself because you have made a calf (your worship), then repent to the Lord who made you and kill yourself. It is better for you in the sight of the Lord who made you; then Allah will accept your repentance. Verily He is the One Who Receives repentance, the Most Merciful. “(See Al Baqarah: 54)

Then Allah ‘Azza waalla informed Moses, that Aaron had departed from them and he had tried hard to keep them from worshiping a calf statue, then the heart of the Prophet Moses was calm because it turned out that his brother did not participate in the sinful act, the Prophet Musa ‘alaihissalam confronted himself with Allah’ Azza wa Jalla asked forgiveness for himself and his brother, He said, “O my Lord, forgive me and my brother and enter us into Your mercy, and Thou art the Most Merciful among the merciful.” (See Al A’raaf: 151)

Then the Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) chose seventy of the best people from among them to go with him to a place determined by Allah za Almighty Allah. When they arrived at the place, they even asked to see God in a real way, so the Prophet Moses was angry with them violently, and Allah sent down lightning which destroyed them until their souls floated. Then Prophet Musa Musa Peace be upon him praying to Allah and humbling himself to Him asking that He give them mercy. So Allah granted the request of Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) and He brought to life those who died because they were struck by lightning so that they thanked Allah za Azza wa Jalla for bringing them to life after their death (see Al Baqarah: 55-56).

Then the Prophet Moses brought them back to his people and read the Torah to them and explained the advice and laws contained therein. He also took an agreement from them to want to practice the contents, they also wanted to promise with a forced after God lifted the mountain above them. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala said:

“And (remember), when We took a promise from you and We lifted the hill (Mount of Sinai) above you (as We said),” Hold fast what We give to you and listen! “They replied,” We hear but do not obey “And they were absorbed into their hearts (love of worshiping) calves because of their disbelief. Say, “It is very evil that you have commanded your faith in you if you truly believe (in the Torah).” (Surat al-Baqarah: 93)

Allah’s order to the Children of Israel to Enter the Palestinian State
Furthermore, Allah gave revelations to the Prophet Musa peace be upon him, that the time had come for the Children of Israel to enter and occupy a blessed country, namely Palestine, so the Prophet Musa alaihissalam was very happy, but the Children of Israel turned out to be cowards and cowards, they said to the Prophet Moses’ peace be upon him, “O Moses! Surely in those countries there are men who are mighty, surely we will not enter it before they come out of it. If they come out of it, surely we will enter it. “(See Al Maa’idah: 22)

At that time there were two believers among them who said, “Destroy them by going through the gate (city), then if you enter it, you will win. And only to God should you put your trust, if you are truly a believer. “

But the Children of Israel still refused and said in very bad words, “O Moses! We will never enter it once and for all, while they are in it, therefore go with your Lord, and fight both of you, in fact we are just sitting here waiting. “(Surah Al Maa’idah: 23-24)

So the anger of the Prophet Moses to his people who forgot the favor of Allah. It was then that the Prophet Moses prayed to God to distance himself from his wicked people, he said, “My Lord, I do not master except myself and my brother. Therefore separate us from those who are wicked. “(Ex. QS. Al Maa’idah: 25)

Punishment of the Children of Israel for Refusing God’s Orders Subhanahu wa Ta’ala
Then came the answer from Allah “the Almighty which contained,” (If so), then in fact the land was forbidden for them for forty years, (during that time) they would spin around in confusion on the earth (the sahara desert). So do not grieve (think of the fate) of those who are wicked. “(Surah Al Maa’idah: 26).

Thus God’s punishment to the Children of Israel, they continued to go astray for forty years in the Sahara, until this timid generation died and was replaced by a brave generation who then wanted to fight under the leadership of Prophet Yusya ‘bin Nun after Prophet Moses died.

Continued…

The Return of Moses to Egypt and He Appointed as a Prophet
So Moses departed for Egypt with his family, so that when they felt the darkness, they sat down to rest in order to continue their journey. At that time, the weather was very cold, so Moses was looking for something to warm his body, he saw a fire from afar, then asked his family to wait there so he could take something to warm the body. So Moses went to the fire with his staff.

More than an exegete from both the Salaf and the Khalaf said, “Prophet Moses went to the fire he saw and after arriving there, he found the fire burning in a green tree, namely the Ausaj tree (thorny tree species), the fire was increasingly lit, the tree’s greenness also increased, so Moses stood in a state of amazement and at that time the tree was at the foot of the mountain to the west and at the right hand of the Prophet Moses as the word Allah Ta’ala, “And not you (Muhammad) are on the side the West when We deliver the command to Moses, nor do you include those who witness. “(QS. Al Qashshash: 44)

At that time Moses was in a valley called Thuwa, while facing the Qibla, while the tree was on his right in the West, then his Lord called him,

“O Moses. – indeed I am your Lord, then release your two sandals; indeed you are in a holy valley; Thuwa. – And I have chosen you, then listen to what will be revealed (to you). – Indeed I am Allah, there is no God (who has the right to be worshiped) besides Me, then worship Me and establish prayer to remember Me. the doomsday will come, I keep (the time) secret so that every self will be rewarded with what he strives for. – So do not turn away from him who does not believe in him and by those who follow his desires, which cause you to perish. “(QS. Thaahaa: 11-16)

Then Allah ‘Azza wa Jalla asked him about the stick he was holding – and He knew better, Moses answered, “This is my stick, I lean on him, and I hit (leaf) with him for my kambingku, and for me there is another need for him. “(QS. Thaahaa: 18)

So God told him to throw his staff. Moses threw it, then the stick turned into a large serpent and moved quickly, then Moses turned away because he was afraid, then God told him to come back and not be afraid, because the snake would return to the stick as before, then Moses extended his hand to the snake took it, it turned out that the snake immediately turned into a stick.

Prophet Musa had brown skin, then Allah ordered him to put his hand in his clothes then took it out, Moses did it, then there was a clear white color. Both of them made Allah a miracle for Prophet Musa aih peace be upon him as well as other miracles to strengthen his apostleship when dealing with Pharaoh and his princes.

Da’wah of the Prophet Musa Alaihissalam to Pharaoh
Furthermore, Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala ordered the Prophet Moses to go to Pharaoh to preach it, then the Prophet Moses wanted to fulfill it, but before he departed, he prayed to his Lord asking Taufiq and asked Him for help, Moses said, “My Lord , expose me to my chest – And make it easy for me for my business, – And let go of the stiffness of my tongue, – If they understand my words, – And make me a servant from my family, – (ie) Aaron, my brother, – Strengthen him with my strength. in my affairs, – we bless thee a lot, – and remember you a lot. – Verily Thou art seeing us. “(QS. Thaahaa: 25-35)

So God granted his request, then Moses remembered that he had killed an Egyptian, he was afraid that if they killed him, then God calmed him, that they would not be able to hurt him so that Moses was calm (see Al-Qasas: 35).

Moses continued his journey to Egypt and told Harun what had happened between himself and Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala so that Aaron would take part in delivering the message to Pharaoh and his people and help him to expel the Children of Israel from Egypt, so Aaron was pleased with the news. he also preached with Moses.

Pharaoh was a cruel man who acted wrongfully against the Children of Israel, so Prophet Moses and Prophet Aaron prayed to Allah to save both of them from acts of persecution from Pharaoh, then Allah Ta’ala said affirming both of their hearts, verily I am with you both, I hear and see. ”- Then came both of you to him (Pharaoh) and Say,” Verily we are both messengers of your Lord, then deliver the Children of Israel with us and do not torture them. Indeed, we have come to you with proof (of our apostleship) from your Lord. And that salvation is bestowed upon those who follow the instructions. Indeed, it has been revealed to us that the punishment (is afflicted) upon those who deny and turn away. “(QS. Thaahaa: 46-48)

So when Moses and the departed, they began to invite them to Allah and tried to bring the Children of Israel from the oppression of Pharaoh, but Pharaoh mocked both and made fun of what they both brought and reminded Moses, that he was taking care of Moses in his palace and continued to raise it up until when Moses killed the Egyptians and went away. Then the Prophet Moses’ Peace be upon him said, “I have done it, while I was at that time including those who made mistakes. – Then I ran away from you when I was afraid of you, then my Lord gave me knowledge and He made me one of the apostles —The good Budi that you bestowed on me is (caused) you have enslaved the Children of Israel. “(See Ash Shu’araa: 20-22)

Pharaoh also asked, “Who is the Lord of the universe?”

Moses answered, “The Lord of the Creator of heaven and earth and what is between them (That is your Lord), if you all (people) trust Him”.

Pharaoh said to the people around him, “Are you not listening?”

Moses said (also), “Your Lord and the Lord of your ancient ancestors”.

Pharaoh said, “Indeed, your Messenger who was sent to you is truly a madman.”

Moses said, “God controls East and West and what is between them; (That is your Lord) if you use reason. “

Pharaoh said: “Indeed, if you worship God besides me, I will make you one of those imprisoned.” (See Asy Syu’araa: 23-29)

Then the Prophet Moses offered him evidence that justified his apostleship. So Pharaoh asks for proof if Moses is right. Moses also threw his staff and changed the stick into a large snake so that people were surprised and afraid of the snake. Then Moses reached out to the snake, then the snake returned as usual into a stick. Then Moses put his hand on the neck of his shirt, then he took it out, suddenly it looked shiny white.

Resistance of the Prophet Moses ‘Alaihissalam with the Witches and Entering Islam The Witches
When the evidence was shown, Pharaoh accused him of being a witch, then he asked his wizards to gather from all places to fight Moses. So the feast day was set as the day of the show which began at the time of Dhuha in a spacious place in front of Pharaoh. Pharaoh also announced the meeting to his people so that all of them were present to witness.

The day of the performance arrived in a state of crowded with many humans, they wanted to see whether Moses won or witches?

Before Pharaoh came out to Moses, he gathered first with the magicians and gave encouragement to them, where if they won, he would give various pleasures in the form of wealth and position.

A moment later, Pharaoh came out to the match, while behind him were witches, then he sat in a special place for him accompanied by his servants, then the witches stood before the Prophet Moses and Aaron.

Furthermore, Pharaoh raised his hand to inform him that the match was ready to begin, then the witches offered two things to Moses, namely whether Moses who first threw his stick or was the first forehead? So the Prophet Moses let them first start.

The witches threw ropes and sticks, while bewitching the human eye so that in the human view that the sticks and ropes turned into snakes that were agile and moved before them, so that people were afraid of them, even the Prophet Moses and Aaron were afraid of him, then Allah gave a revelation to Moses so that he would not be afraid and throw his staff, so the Prophet Moses and his brother (Prophet Aaron) were calm because of Allah’s command.

The Prophet Moses threw his staff, then the stick turned into a large snake that swallowed the rope of the witches and their wands. When the witches saw what the Prophet Musa aih peace be upon him said, they admitted that it was a miracle from God and not magic. Then Allah enlarged their hearts to believe in Allah and justified what was brought by the Prophet Musa aih alaihissalam, they finally finally only prostrated to Allah while expressing their faith in the Lord Moses and Aaron.

When that Pharaoh grew furious and began to threaten the witches, he said to them, “Have you believed in him (Moses) before I gave permission to you all. Indeed, he is your leader who teaches magic to you all. “Then I will cut off your hands and feet with a cross in a reciprocal manner, and verily I will crucify you at the base of the date palm, and you will know who among us is more painful and more eternal torment.” (QS. Thaahaa: 71)

Even so, the witches were not afraid of the threat after God gave them faith, they said, “We will not give you priority over the evidences that have come to us and from God who created us ; then decide what you want to decide. Surely you will only be able to decide on life in this world alone. – Indeed we have believed in our Lord, so that He forgives our mistakes and the magic you have forced upon us to do it. And Allah is better (His reward) and more eternal (His punishment). Indeed, whoever comes to his Lord in a sinful state, surely for him is Hell. He does not die in it and does not (also) live. –And whosoever comes unto his Lord in a state of faith, again truly works righteous deeds, then they are those who obtain high (noble) places – that is, heaven, where rivers flow beneath them, they will abide therein. And that is a reward for a clean person (from disbelief and disobedience). “(QS. Thaahaa: 72-76)

Continued…